Impact of solvents on the extraction and purification of vegetable dyes onto the efficiency for dye-sensitized solar cells

Sustainable Energy Research

Table 3 Photoelectrochemical parameters of DSSCs using extracts purified with different solvents from Jamaica flowers and Mortiño fruit as photosensitizers

Solvent	J_sc (mA cm⁻²)^a	V_oc (V)^a	FF^a	PCE (%)^a
Jamaica flowers
Solution A	0.438 ± 0.084	0.495 ± 0.014	50.589 ± 0.034	0.121 ± 0.014
Solution B	0.177 ± 0.000	0.437 ± 0.001	00.491 ± 0.001	0.039 ± 0.001
Chloroform II	0.466 ± 0.027	0.430 ± 0.019	00.499 ± 0.003	0.100 ± 0.006
Ethyl acetate III	0.678 ± 0.003	0.541 ± 0.003	50.579 ± 0.019	0.217 ± 0.007
n-Butanol IV	0.315 ± 0.014	0.438 ± 0.003	50.561 ± 0.004	0.077 ± 0.003
Distilled water V	0.051 ± 0.001	0.468 ± 0.001	00.409 ± 0.001	0.010 ± 0.001
Mortiño fruit
Solution A	0.710 ± 0.083	0.474 ± 0.001	60.645 ± 0.012	0.212 ± 0.036
Solution B	0.129 ± 0.000	0.435 ± 0.000	00.479 ± 0.000	0.028 ± 0.000
Chloroform II	0.624 ± 0.018	0.557 ± 0.002	40.478 ± 0.007	0.177 ± 0.024
Ethyl acetate III	1.014 ± 0.036	0.520 ± 0.001	60.611 ± 0.014	0.332 ± 0.018
n-Butanol IV	0.368 ± 0.02	0.463 ± 0.02	50.567 ± 0.002	0.096 ± 0.005
Distilled water V	0.196 ± 0.189	0.303 ± 0.296	50.589 ± 0.003	0.084 ± 0.011
Ru-N719
N719	24.08 ± 5.80	0.75 ± 0.007	50.546 ± 0.066	9.65 ± 1.04